<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<doi_batch xmlns="http://www.crossref.org/schema/4.4.2" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:jats="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/JATS1" version="4.4.2" xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.crossref.org/schema/4.4.2 http://www.crossref.org/schema/deposit/crossref4.4.2.xsd">
  <head>
    <doi_batch_id>35-LQP-IJCMR</doi_batch_id>
    <timestamp>20251230000000</timestamp>
    <depositor>
      <depositor_name>Lumina Quest Publishing</depositor_name>
      <email_address>m.arslansohail@gmail.com</email_address>
    </depositor>
    <registrant>Lumina Quest Publishing</registrant>
  </head>
  <body>
    <journal>
      <journal_metadata>
        <full_title>International Journal of Clinical and Medical Research</full_title>
        <abbrev_title>Int. J. Clin. Med. Res.</abbrev_title>
        <issn media_type="electronic">3134-8831</issn>
        <doi_data>
          <doi>10.66590/ijcmr</doi>
          <resource>https://lquestpub.com/archives.php?journal=international-journal-of-clinical-and-medical-research</resource>
        </doi_data>
      </journal_metadata>
      <journal_issue>
        <publication_date media_type="print">
          <month>12</month>
          <day>30</day>
          <year>2025</year>
        </publication_date>
        <publication_date media_type="online">
          <month>12</month>
          <day>30</day>
          <year>2025</year>
        </publication_date>
        <journal_volume>
          <volume>2</volume>
        </journal_volume>
        <issue>2</issue>
        <doi_data>
          <doi>10.66590/ijcmr20250202</doi>
          <resource>https://lquestpub.com/articles-list.php?journal=international-journal-of-clinical-and-medical-research&amp;volume=2&amp;issue=2</resource>
        </doi_data>
      </journal_issue>
      <journal_article publication_type="full_text">
        <titles>
          <title>Assessment of Healthcare Providers’ Knowledge on Needle Stick Injuries in Primary Care Centers: A Cross-Sectional Study in Erbil</title>
          <original_language_title>Assessment of Healthcare Providers’ Knowledge on Needle Stick Injuries in Primary Care Centers: A Cross-Sectional Study in Erbil</original_language_title>
        </titles>
        <contributors>
          <person_name sequence="first" contributor_role="author">
            <given_name>Yassir</given_name>
            <surname>Musa</surname>
          </person_name>
          <person_name sequence="additional" contributor_role="author">
            <given_name>Ahmed M. S.</given_name>
            <surname>Hegazy</surname>
          </person_name>
        </contributors>
        <jats:abstract xml:lang="en">
          <jats:p>Objective: This study aimed to assess the level of knowledge regarding needle stick injuries among healthcare providers. Setting and Duration: The research was carried out in 25 primary healthcare centers located in Erbil city, Kurdistan Region, Iraq, over a period from March 2020 to August 2022. Methodology:&amp;nbsp;A total of 687 healthcare providers, including nurses, physicians and paramedical staff, were enrolled in the study. Data were gathered through a structured questionnaire consisting of five items, specifically designed to evaluate knowledge related to needle stick injuries and their preventive measures. Results: Out of all participants, 402 (58.5%) were female and 285 (41.5%) were male. Nurses represented 41.5% of the total sample, while 39.9% of participants held diploma-level qualifications. Although more than half of the respondents had over ten years of professional experience, a significant majority 656 participants (96%) exhibited inadequate knowledge regarding needle stick injuries. Only 10.8% had previously received formal training on the subject. Additionally, 76.4% of participants showed limited awareness about the importance of hepatitis B vaccination as a preventive strategy. Conclusion: The study highlights a considerable deficiency in knowledge and preventive practices related to needle stick injuries among healthcare providers. There is a critical need for the implementation of standardized training programs and strengthening of occupational safety protocols to enhance awareness and minimize risks in healthcare environments.</jats:p>
        </jats:abstract>
        <publication_date media_type="online">
          <month>12</month>
          <day>30</day>
          <year>2025</year>
        </publication_date>
        <publication_date media_type="print">
          <month>12</month>
          <day>30</day>
          <year>2025</year>
        </publication_date>
        <pages>
          <first_page>26</first_page>
          <last_page>29</last_page>
        </pages>
        <doi_data>
          <doi>10.66590/ijcmr2025020203</doi>
          <resource>https://lquestpub.com/article/10.66590/ijcmr2025020203</resource>
        </doi_data>
      </journal_article>
    </journal>
  </body>
</doi_batch>
